Título del libro: Wastewater: Economic Asset In An Urbanizing World
Título del capítulo: Environmental risks and cost-effective risk management in wastewater use systems
BLANCA ELENA JIMENEZ CISNEROS; CHRISTINA DESIREE SIEBE GRABACH;
Autores externos:
Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2015
Palabras clave:
Cost effectiveness; Costs; Effluent treatment; Effluents; Groundwater; Groundwater pollution; Metals; Pollution; Risk assessment; Risk management; Soils; Water quality; Effluent quality; Environmental risks; Metals and metalloids; Micropollutants; On-farm treatment; Potential benefits; Salinity; Treated wastewater; Wastewater treatment
Resumen:
Wastewater use in agriculture has many potential benefits, yet it also poses environmental risks. In particular, the use of untreated or partially treated wastewater over the long run may result in negative impacts on irrigated crops, soils, and groundwater through the addition of excessive levels of metals and metalloids, nutrients, salts and specific ionic species, and micro- pollutants. The environmental risk reduction strategies for wastewater can be categorized into: (1) treatment of wastewater to a desired effluent quality; (2) on-farm wastewater treatment options; and (3) farm-based measures to reduce risks in areas irrigated by untreated or partially treated wastewater. However, the number of strategies that have been economically assessed and have proven to be cost-effective is rather limited, although all mention a positive impact. Despite limited examples, the economics of risk management reveal that cost-effective options for improving water quality by removing undesirable constituents are available at the treatment plant level and beyond. © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015.
Entidades citadas de la UNAM:
ISBN:
9789401795456
Editorial:
Springer Netherlands Nombre de la publicación:
Environmental risks and cost-effective risk management in wastewater use systems
Página inicial:
55
Página final:
72
