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Título del libro: Brenner's Encyclopedia Of Genetics: Second Edition
Título del capítulo: DNA Amplification In Vivo

Autores UNAM:
RAFAEL RAUL PALACIOS DE LA LAMA;
Autores externos:

Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2013
Palabras clave:

Alternative genomic structures; Amplifiable units of DNA; Artificial selection; Gene amplification; Genetic manipulation; Genome architecture; Genomic design; Genomic rearrangements; Homologous recombination; Insertion sequences; Natural selection; Reiterated DNA sequences


Resumen:

Recombination between DNA segments bordered by two repeated sequences positioned in direct orientation relative to each other can lead to duplication and subsequent amplification of the intervening DNA. Such regions are sometimes called amplicons. Amplicons are dynamic structures that can lead to genomic rearrangements, either deletion, duplication, or higher-order amplification of the intervening DNA regions. Amplicons outline an intrinsic architecture of the genome determined by the position and orientation of its reiterated DNA sequences. One biological role of gene amplification is the adaptation to extreme conditions. In addition to natural amplicons, methodologies have been developed to engineer direct repeats into genomes. The presence of either natural or artificial amplicons has been exploited to obtain bacterial strains with alternative genomic structures, in some cases with improved desired characteristics. (Note that the term amplicon is also commonly used to describe DNA fragments amplified by polymerase chain reaction.). © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


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