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SISTEMA INTEGRAL DE INFORMACIÓN ACADÉMICA - PÚBLICO
Título del libro: Consequences Of Microbial Interactions With Hydrocarbons, Oils, And Lipids: Production Of Fuels And Chemicals Título del capítulo: Application of Microorganisms to the Processing and Upgrading of Crude Oil and Fractions
Biotechnology has been successfully applied at the industrial level in
the medical, fine chemical, agricultural, and food sectors. Several
applications of biotechnology in the oil and energy industry in the
future can also be foreseen. The production of biofuels in large volumes
is now a reality, although there are some concerns about the use of
land, water, and crops to produce fuels. In the oil industry,
biotechnology has found its place in bioremediation and microbial
enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). There are other opportunities in the
processing (biorefining) and upgrading (bio-upgrading) of problematic
oil fractions and heavy crude oils. In the context of increasing energy
demand, conventional oil depletion, climate change, and increased
environmental regulations on atmospheric emissions, biotechnologies such
as biodesulfurization, biodenitrogenation, and aromatic ring opening
(biodearomatization) and upgrading of heavy oils (degradation of
asphaltenes and removal of metals) recover interest. In this chapter we
revise the status of current regulations regarding fuel properties that
have repercussions on its environmental impact, such as sulfur and
nitrogen content, cetane number, and aromatic content, mainly in the EU
and USA. We describe the cumulative and highlight the recent scientific
and technological advances of these biotechnologies; their advantages
and limitations are also discussed. On this basis, the possibility of
integration in oil production plants and future oil refineries and
biorefineries for the production of oil, fuels, and chemicals is
analyzed.
Entidades citadas de la UNAM:
Fuente:
ISBN: 9783319504360 Editorial: SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG